Bright Java Tutorial

  package com.example.core.oop4;

  public class Parent {

    /*
     * A constructor must have no return parameter.
     * A constructor can have any access modifier.
     * A constructor must have exactly the same name and 
     * the same Upper and Lower case as compared
     * to the Class name.
     * A constructor that accepts no parameter is the 
     * default when no other constructor is declared. 
     * In this case, we declared a constructor, the 
     * default constructor is no longer there.
     */
    public Parent() {
      System.out.println("Parent no argument constructor.");
    }
	
    /*
     * A Class can have multiple constructors. 
     * However, it should have different signatures.
     */
    Parent(String param) {
      System.out.println("Parent with String argument" 
        + " constructor." + param);
    }

    /*
     * The signature of constructors depends on the number 
     * of parameters, the order of the
     * parameters and the type of the parameters.
     */
    Parent(String param1, int param2) {
      System.out.println("Parent with String and int " 
        + "parameters constructor." + param1 + " " 
        + param2);
    }
	
    Parent(int param1, String param2) {
      System.out.println("Parent with int and String " 
        + "parameters constructor." + param1 + " " 
        + param2);
    }
  }
                            

  package com.example.core.oop4;

  /**
   * A constructor is used to instantiate an object.
   * This is to demonstrate the concept and rules of 
   * constructors.
   * 
   * @author Rolan Liwanag
   *
   */
  public class Child extends Parent {

    public Child(String param) {
      System.out.println("Child constructor with String " 
        + "parameter. " + param);
    }
	
    public Child(String param1, int param2) {
      super(param1);
      System.out.println("Child constructor with String " 
        + "and int parameter. " + param1 + " " + param2);
      //super(param1, param2);
      /*
       * The call to Parent(String param1, int param2) 
       * will cause compilation problem since call to 
       * super can only happen in the first line of code
       * inside the constructor.
       */
    }
	
    public Child(String param1, int param2, int param3) {
      this(param1);
      /*
       * this(param1,param2) is a call to 
       * Child(String param1, int param2) and can only 
       * happen in the first line of code inside the 
       * constructor.
       */
      System.out.println("Child constructor with String, " 
        + "int and int arguments. " + param1 + " " 
        + param2 +  " " + param3);
    }
	
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      /*
       * Child class dont have the default no argument 
       * constructor nor a declared no argument constructor 
       * is declared. Since there is another constructor 
       * declared, the default constructor is no longer 
       * available.
       */
      //Child childObj1 = new Child();
      Child childObj1 = new Child("abc");
      /*
       * As you may have noticed in the output, when we 
       * made a call to the Child(String param) 
       * constructor, it made a call before anything else 
       * to the Parent() constructor.
       */
      Child childObj2 = new Child("abc", 1);
      /*
       * As you may have noticed in the output as well in 
       * the code, the Child(String param1, int param2) 
       * constructor has a super(param); call. This means 
       * invoking the Parent(String param) constructor. 
       * Constructors can only be invoked within another 
       * constructor and call to super() can only happen 
       * in the first line of code inside the invoking 
       * constructor. It also happens by default just like 
       * what happened in the instantiation of childObj1.
       */
      Child childObj3 = new Child("abc", 1, 2);
      /*
       * In this case, when Child(String param1, int 
       * param2, int param3) constructor was invoked, 
       * it made a call to Child(String param) explicitely. 
       * When the previously mentioned constructor was 
       * executed, it made a default call to super() then 
       * continued executing the rest of the code inside 
       * the Child(String param) constructor.
       */
    }
  }